Luffy has done many things during his adventures to shorten his life expectancy. Rubber pirate or not, if he keeps pushing himself, he’ll soon die.

Spanning the many arcs of One Piece over the years, protagonist Monkey D. Luffy has put himself in plenty of danger from one brutal saga to the next. In fact, it’s safe to say that Rubber Pirate or not, Luffy is lucky to be alive. Despite the youthful vitality he exhibits, a vital question must still be asked about him: How long will Luffy live?

Not only is Luffy constantly making enemies out of dangerous opponents, but he also puts his body through all manner of physically taxing experiences. Sooner or later, the things he’s done to himself will almost certainly take their toll. It’s all but guaranteed the hero won’t be dying of old age. The One Piece ending might prove to be a bittersweet one, with Luffy becoming pirate king just in time to have only a few years left in his weary, overused body.

Updated by Louis Kemner on December 18, 2023: This feature about Luffy’s bodily woes has been updated with new content and adheres to CBR’s current publication standards.

Gear 2 Raises Luffy’s Blood Pressure

Will Luffy die young? That may partly depend on how much he keeps using his powerful but physically taxing Gear techniques. For example, using Gear 2, the first and mildest of Luffy’s Gears, has definitely shortened Luffy’s lifespan. The technique involved him pumping blood through his body at an accelerated rate in order to give himself a boost in speed and power. World Government agent Rob Lucci was quick to point out the issue with this technique, explaining that pumping blood through the heart and the rest of one’s circulatory system like this was a good way to destroy it. Even as a rubber man, Luffy was undoubtedly creating lasting damage to himself from within.

What Lucci was describing is a real-life phenomenon. When the heart becomes enlarged due to high blood pressure, it can lead to all sorts of fatal conditions like cardiomyopathy and cardiac hypertrophy, which can ultimately result in heart failure. By forcing blood through his body, Luffy was inadvertently stretching out his heart muscles and making it more difficult to pump blood normally. Will Luffy die because of this? Probably not, but Gear 2 is still working against him and stressing his body even more than physical trauma usually does. In Luffy’s mind, though, such a physical cost was worth paying to defeat the powerful members of CP9 and rescue his friend Nico Robin at Enies Lobby.

Luffy Took 10 Years Off His Life By Altering His Own Hormones

Gear 2’s life-shortening side effect is made worse by how often Luffy relies on the technique. In occasional, short bursts, his rubber body should be able to keep up with the strain. However, the longer he fights and the more often he uses it, the more likely he is to pave the road for heart problems later in life.

Another lifespan-costing experience took place while Luffy was in Impel Down. In order to save the Straw Hat Pirate from the warden Magellan’s venom, Emporio Ivankov used their Devil Fruit powers to alter the hormones in the boy’s body to strengthen his immune system. The process was excruciating and lasted for hours, but how much is Luffy’s life shortened because of this? It’s estimated that this risky process took approximately 10 years off of Luffy’s life expectancy, which is why Ivankov hesitated to use it. Luffy only survived the ordeal because of his indomitable will to live, plus Mr. 2 Bon Clay’s tireless emotional support.

Both of these points and a few more are put forth by Quora commenter Tevin Davis. They also implied that Luffy’s Gear 3 and Gear 4 techniques put a similar tax on his life, though this isn’t explicitly stated in the narrative. Tevin believed that Luffy would die at a young age, like his idol Gol D. Roger. Other commenters on Quora have their own responses to this theory. One mentioned that Roger died at 53, so even if Luffy dies young, fans will still get plenty out of him. In this same vein, some believe Luffy’s early death will either be saved for an end-of-series epilogue or not come up in the story at all.

Could Trafalgar Law Turn Luffy Into the Immortal Sun God?

Some predicted that Trafalgar Law would use his Op-Op Fruit’s powers to perform the Perpetual Youth Surgery on Luffy to save his life. One commenter even envisioned this surgery making Luffy into “the immortal Sun God, sailing the seas forever, always seeking new adventures and new tyrants to stop on an eternal quest to prevent another world government from ever rising again.” This is loosely based on the rumor of Nika the Sun God mentioned by Who’s-Who. If this one ended up being true, it would have to be saved for the end of the series once all of One Piece‘s central conflicts are resolved. Otherwise, all the tension from the story could be removed by making the protagonist immortal.

Whether it happens during or after the series, Luffy’s early death seems all but guaranteed. However, this shouldn’t be seen as such a bad thing; Luffy has had enough adventures and experiences to last multiple lifetimes, and he’s still got plenty more to go. He hasn’t even found the One Piece yet. If he died having lived his life so short and sweet, he shouldn’t have any regrets when he passes on.

Luffy Would Rather Die Free Than Live Forever

Will Luffy die young? How many years has Luffy lost? These are questions that greatly concern One Piece fans and members of Luffy’s own Straw Hat crew, but tellingly, Luffy himself never asks these questions or worries about these topics. From the very beginning, Luffy has been the type to care less about how long he lives than simply how he lives and why he lives. Luffy is a practical, hands-on pirate captain who takes life as it comes, and his friends and enemies alike are repeatedly shocked by his devil-may-care attitude about his adventures and even his mortality and health. Above all, Monkey D. Luffy is a free spirit who would rather die in freedom than live in captivity or oppression.

All this makes it a tense but also freeing experience to watch Luffy’s adventures in One Piece. He takes dire risks with his health and safety that not even Naruto Uzumaki or Izuku Midoriya would. Luffy is a likable antihero protagonist who’s not just about the power of friendship and dreams — he wants to find freedom for benignly selfish reasons. At no point did Luffy vow to become a great hero or savior, but instead, live free as the pirate king. If Luffy must cut his lifespan in half to reach that goal, in his mind, it’s a worthwhile price to pay.

Shonen Heroes Like Luffy Push Their Bodies Past Their Limits Often

There is a curious trend of shonen action characters, in particular, pushing their bodies to an extreme to accomplish a goal. Anime protagonists in any genre can push themselves hard to gain new skills or achieve new things, from playing music in Your Lie in April to overcoming one’s own internal demons in Fruits Basket, but it’s mainly shonen anime that depicts the heroes straining their physical bodies to the breaking point. This can happen in realistic fiction concerning sports stories or martial arts, such as Slam Dunk or Tokyo Revengers, but fantasy or supernatural anime take it to the next level, to the point it almost resembles body horror. With special effects like Devil Fruits, chakra, and My Hero Academia Quirks factored in, a shonen hero can push themselves to dangerous levels just so they can defeat their enemies. It’s inspiring, but it can also be concerning to see heroes partially self-destruct to go Plus Ultra.

Shonen anime is targeted to younger males who enjoy such things as sports, proving themselves to others, friendly competition, and making friends who share their interests. That in itself is an innocent and wonderful thing, but savvy anime fans might worry that heroes like Luffy set a questionable or even dangerous example by pushing themselves so hard to get ahead. Competition and victory are key elements to shonen anime, and that won’t change anytime soon, creating narratives of a hero who fights harder and harder to win despite the odds. Still, the execution might raise some questions about what sort of lessons are being taught to younger viewers. There are many examples, with Monkey D. Luffy’s strained body being just the start. Shonen anime seems to downright glamorize burnout with such narratives, even if anime fans cannot literally try it at home.

Overly harsh training and physical stunts like Luffy’s are always metaphorical for anime, with larger-than-life fantasy adventures and exploits standing in for what a brave person might achieve in real life if they feel inspired. That said, anime fans ought to consider every angle of a hero’s training or physical stunts and wonder if anime like One Piece are encouraging viewers to bravely pursue their dreams — or overtly encouraging them to embrace burnout and risk-taking just because they can. Going Plus Ultra in real life doesn’t come with plot armor, and that’s something fans must never forget.